Side frame



Nov. 9 i926.

C. HANKINS SIDE FRAME l v Filed Sept. 4. 1923 ser.. e, reas. intentie crans Hermine, or natrinonn. MARYLAND, assrcnon, BY teneur, .assrsuinnnrs To 'rr-rn svrarneron ooivrranv, a. conronarron or raanvnann.

sinn FRAME.

Application 'filed September 4, 1923. Serial No. 660,850.

lily invention relates to side frames for tion in vlength `of the beam member bei-ng car trucks, and has been primarily designed rendered ,possible by reason of the seating to provide aconstruction Which yis both of ythe bolster `springrs adjacent the bottom strong and stiff but comparatively light in thereof, and servingto materially reduce the nf'eight, and in which failure of the frame stress developed in the side frame at the en at the critical points therein is reduced to critical points. @minimum Another feature of the invention involves The invention, generally stated, resides 'the production `of a side frame from sheet in the production of a Wrought metal side metal blanlrs each of which is formed With io frame composed of :complementary sheet an outwardly projecting flange Which eX- 65 metal Wall sections arranged adjacent each ytends along the bottom of the side frame, other and united to form a very stiE and the intermediate portion of each flange reliable construction, each of said vvall secbeing designed to provide a seating surface tions involving a plurality of top arch bar for the bolster springs, and the respective 1.5 portionsbottom arch bar portions and ends of the `flange being designed to ove'rlie "i0 truck column portions. the journal boxes of the side frame.

Particularly stated, one of the principal A further object of the invention consists features of the invention resides in the proin constructing' a 'car truck side frame of vision of a Wrought metal lside frame sheet niet-al tvalls arranged back vto back formed of a plurality of sheet metal blanks, and firmly united to provide a central lon i each of said blanks being provided With a gitudinal web, said Walls being provided relatively small bolster opening and a corwith correspondingly formed portions respondingly deep beam or truss member adapted to receive one lend of a pedestal intcgrally uniting the truc-lr columns beneath tie bar, said bar beingv movably positioned said opening, said beam member being probetween the Walls and Wit-hin said portions @il vided with means adapted to support the .for facilitating' rapid and convenient applibolster springs from `points below the bolster cation and removal of the journal boxes". opening and upon each side of the longitu still further feature of the invention is dinal center of the side fra-me. to provide a side frame construction in .'inother object of the invention is to prowhich a pluralityof sheet metal Wallsare S5 vide a cartruck side frame from Wrought united with the web "of one Wall adjacent metal' blanks each of Which is formed with the web of another Wall, each ofvsaid Walls a plurality of side frame portions having being formed With symmetrical portions outwardly extending flanges, some of said designed to coac't to provide recesses vor flanges being designed to support symmethousings for the journal box bolts, said 'rically located bolster springs from the recesses being shaped to engage the heads lou'erinost portion of the side frame, and of the bolts and prevent utheir rotation. the other of said flanges being arranged to This construction, together With .the mountform bolster guides, said construction actin'g of the pedestal tie bars, provides a ing to stabilize the opposed side frames of very strong and reliable means forv connectthe trucl'r and maintain them in vertical the journal bones to the side frame as position, said construction also permitting' VWell as permitting convenient assembling the cross tie member connecting the side andremoval thereof. Y V Y frames to be eliminated. There are other featuresof the 'invention i5 The invent-ion has Lfor a further objec pertainingto the Vparticular relation of the 100 the production of a reliable Wrought metal several parts and details of construction, side frame having inner and outer side Walls will hereinafter appear.

each of which is formed with a bolster openln the drawings illustrating jthe invening and a plurality of top arch bar portions, tion, the scope v'vhereof is pointed out in the D0 bottom arch bar portions, and truck column claims,-- 105 portions. said truck column portions being Figure l is a vievv in side elevation of a integrally united beneath the bolster opencar truck side frame constructed in according-g; by very deep beam or truss member of ance with my present invention. l correspondingly increased strength value Figure 2 is a detail horizontal sectional but of relatively reduced length, said reducon Vthe line 2e-2 of Fig. l. U0

Figure 3 is a vertical transverse section on the line `3-3 of Fig. 1.

Figure d is a det-ail plan view of one end of the side frame.

Figure 'is a detail horizontal sectional 'ieiv on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1.

Figure 6 is a similar view on the line 6*?) of Fig. 1.

Referring to the drawings, in which sim ilar reference characters designate correspending parte in the several views, the side frame comprises complementary sheet meta-l Walls or sec-tions 1 and 2, the former constituting the outer Wall and the latter the inner Wall of the side frame. The Walls of the side frame are formed from symmetrical sheet metal blanks each being provided With a bolster opening and having a plurality of top arch bar portions 3, bottom arch bar portions Ll, and truck column portions 5. Each vsheet metal blank after being cut is then flanged, said flanges being adapted to project outwardly from the web portions of the blanks which latter are abutted and united by a series of rivets 6 advantageously arranged throughout the side france,- although it Will be understood that a Welding operation may be equally advantageously .used to effect the rigid union of the blanks.

or portions thereof, so as to produce a single centrally located longitudinal web section of great strength value. Suitable Windows 7 are provided in the side frame as the result of the formation of the side frame portions which produce the compression member, tension member, and truck columns, said members and columns being preferably bordered by stiffening flanges 8.

The lower Vedge of the top arch bar por tions above the bolster opening are provided with flanges 9, said fianges being continued downwardly adjacent the truck columns, as indicated at 10, and across the lower edge of the bolster opening as designated by the numeral 11. The vertical flanged portions 10 of the truck columns are continued and bent longitudinally of the side frame in spaced. relation to the. web portion.l said bentportions of the flanges 10 providing relatively vvide and effective bearing surfaces 12 with which the bolster guides co-operate, said bearing surfaces` extending' substantially the full height of the bolster opening.

The upper`4 edge of each side Wall is reinforced by a stiffening flange. said flange having a horizontally disposed portion 13 and an adjacent depending portion 1li. Some of the rivets 6 are'adapted to unite the side Walls along the upper edge thereof in close proximity to the flange portions 13 and 14.

The loivermost edge of each side Wall is provided with' an outwardly projecting flange 15, said flange bordering the bottom arch bar portions as at 16 and being con- .Web thereof.

tinued to overlie the journal boxes as indicated at l?. The intermediate portion of each flange is extended beyond the adjacent portions thereof a distance sufficient to form spring seats 18, said seats being designed to receive the bolster springs 19 shown in dotted lines. The 'outer edge of the spring seat portion of the flange 15 is areferably bent to form a spring retaining Wall 20, said Wall being suitably curved about the springs and merged into the flange portions 16 stiftening the lower edges of the bottom arch bar portions. The bent edge portions 20 of the flanges are preferably merged into the flanges 16 of the bottom arch bar portions in vertical planes, said portions, in ad dition to retaining the springs, also serving to materially strengthen the spring seats. Bosses 21 are provided on the springseat portions, said bosses acting to position the springs whereby they are evenly spaced from the opposite sides of the central web of the side frame and from each other. As a result of the foregoing construction the loads are uniformly imparted to the side frame upon each side of the central vertical rlfhe mounting of the bolster springs in pockets formed between the inner and outer walls of the side frame and their associated retaining Walls, respectively, assures the equal distribution of the loads to the side fra-me, the action of said springs between the lowermost portions of the side frame and the bolster serving to constantly maintain the side frames in an upright position vwhereby tipping` or canting of the frames as the result of service conditions is prevented.

The pedestal tie bars of the truck are indicated by the numeral 2Q. said bars being pivotally connected at their inner ends to the bottom arch bar portions of the side Walls by means of the rivets 23, and having their outer ends arranged to extend beneath the journal boxes. The outer ends of the tie bars are preferably flat and lie in a horizontal plane, the inner ends of said bars being twisted into a vertical plane corresponding to that of the central Web portion of the side frame between the opposite Walls of which web the inner ends of the respective tie bars are preferably connected.

The inner end of each Vtie bar is received in recess or housing 2li formed by co operating depressions provided in the inner abutted faces of the side Walls, each of said depressions being of a depth to permit of the recess receiving the pedestal tie bar with sufficient clearance to ensure the pivotal action ofthe tie bar about the rivet 23 unit ing said walls.' y

The pedestal tie bar provides a strong connection between the side frame and journal box, it being noted that said bar can be easily swung down and the journal box readily' placedi in position or' removed'. n, will also beobservedthat the rivet 23,wl'1ich is supported in both walls,v is subjected to double shear,` which stress it is particularly well adaptedI tofA resist. The extreme inner ends oi1 the pedestal tiel bars are shown as preferably curved and designed to engage correspondingly curved'bearingfaces provided onthe interior of the recess QA", said construction tending to increase the rigidity oit" theI tie bar connection.

The journal boa bolts (shown in dotted lines)4 are adapted to be received in recesses 25, said recesses-beingiiormed by depressions provided in the-inner iiacesot the side walls, said depressions being shapedl to correspond tothe side faces oithe bolt heads whereby they are prevented from turning. A portion or thel shank or each' bolt adjacent the head thereof is also encircled by a portion of the metal or each sidewall said metal acting in the nature or a column 26 beneath th bolt head and also serving to centrally locate the bolts along the longitudinal center of the side frame.

side frame constructed in accordance with my present invention can be economically manufactured7 the spring seats adjacent the' lower opposite edges of the beam or truss member being preferably integrally connected to the weband permitting of a rednotionin lengthl of the-beam with a correspondingly less stress developed in this portion or the side frame;` lt will be noted that the height of the web beneath the bolster opening is less than the height of the bolster springs when compressed sol-id between the spring' supporters and the bolster, and also that the intersection of this web portion with-the truelfc` columns'islalon g their vertical axis lying between the symmetrically arranged1 bolster springs.

lt will be observed that a very rigid construction or sidev frame is produced as the resultor the central and longitudinal disposition of the abutted walls oi' the blanks compris'ingl the side frame and the central longitudinal locationl or the journal box bolts between said walls. My present construction` or truck frame not only has the merit or being constructed of light and reliable wrought metal', but its parts are so formed and constructed that the points subjected to greatest strain under service conditions are rendered exceedingly strong. v

l. A car truclr side fra-me involving a plurality oi metal sheets united to form inner and outer side walls. each of said walls being provided with a bolster opening and havingv a plurality of truck column portions and bottom arch bar portions', said bottom arch bar portions being connected to the lower ends ofthe truclr column portions and providing' a beam member beneath the bolster opening, and: flangesprovidedon the beam portion of said bottom arch bars-, said flanges projecting from the wallsot` the side frame toiorm spring supports below the bolster opening. Y

2. A car trucl side frame involving a plurality ot metall sheetsV united to form an inner wall and an' outer wall, each or` said walls being` provided with a bolster opening and having a plurality or truck column portions and bottom arch bar portionsysaio bottom arch bar portions providing beam member uniting the truck columns at the bottomfo Jehe bolster opening, and means projectingA from said' beam1- member adjacent eachwall of the side' frame', said means being adapted to form seats for the bolster springs at points beneath' the' bolster opening.

3. A car truck side frame composed oil sheet metal walls each oi' said wal-lshaving a bolster opening'` ol relatively shallow depth, and a beam portion arranged beneath the bolster opening, saidr beam portion being? increased in depth corresponding to the reduction in the depth or the bolster opening andV having means projecting therefrom adapted' to provide' seat portionsr for bolster springs.

A. A car truck side frame involving oppositely arranged separate metal sheets united in abutted' relation to:` form a longitudinally extending centrally located web, flanges provided von saidv metal' sheets disposed at the bottomt or' the side frame; said flanges having portions providing spring` seats' upon opposite sides ott said web.

,5. A car truck side frame involving a longitudinally extending and centrally locatedi web having air outwardiy projecting flange nearv the bottomI thereof adapted to i'orm' a supportfor the bolster spring' at a point in close proximity to the'bottom ot the side frame, said flange' being formed. with means thereon forpreventing spring shiiiting.

6. A car truck side frame con'iprisingl complementary ii'anged metal sheets united to provide inner and outer side wal-ls, each of said walls having a bolster opening' and a beanr portion beneath said opening, each of said beam portions' having a relatively large'. spring seating area constituting acontinuation of the flangedr portions of said sheets. j

i A car truckside frame composed of sheet metal blanks providing'inner and outer walls. said' wallsl being connected to form a longitudinally disposed web. stiiiiening flanges' bordering the bottomr edge portions oit said walls, said flanges having spring seating portions4 formed integr-al therewith and disposed' upon opposite sides oi said longitudinal web. j

8. A car truck si de :trame'having an inner wall and an outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinal web, and flanges bordering the lower edge portions of said walls, said flanges having` relatively enlarged portions forming spring seating areas upon opposite sides of the web.

9.41K car truck side frame having an inner wall and an outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinal web, and flanges bordering the lower edges of said walls, portions of said flanges providing seating surfaces for symmetrically disposed springs upon each side of said web.

10. A car truck side frame having an iner wall andan outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinal web, and flanges bordering the lower edges of said walls, portions of said flanges providing seating surfaces for symmetrically disposed springs upon each side of said web, and other portions of said flanges adjacent the seating surfaces being bent to form retaining means for said springs.

11. A car truclr side frame having an inner wall and an outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinal web, and flanges bordering the lower edges of said walls, portions of said flanges providing horizontally disposed seating surfaces for symmetrically arranged springs upon each side of the web, and other portions of said flanges being vertically disposed adjacent the seating surfaces.

12. A car truck side frame having an inner wall and an outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinal web, and flanges bordering the lower edges of said walls, portions of said flanges providing seating surfaces for symmetrically disposed springs upon each side of the web, and other portions of said flanges being adapted to border said seating surfaces for retaining the springs in their symmetrical relation.

13. A car truck side frame having an inner wall and an outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinal web, flanges bordering the lower edges of said rwalls adapted to provide seating surfaces for symmetrically disposed springsV upon each side of said web, and means provided on said flanges for centering the symmetrically positioned springs.

14. A car truck side frame having an inner wall and an outer wall, said walls being connected to form a longitudinally disposed web provided with a bolster opening of relative shallow depth, said web extending beneath the bolster opening to provide a beam member the depth of which is increased corresponding to the reduction in depth of the bolster opening, and means eX- tending from said web upon opposite sides thereof for supporting bolster springs from a point below the bolster opening, the height of the web beneath said opening being less than the height of the bolster springs when they are compressed solidly between said supporting means and the bolster. l

15. A car truck side frame having an inner wall and an outer wall united to provide a longitudinally extending web, each of said walls having a plurality of top arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of truck column portions; and pedestal tie bars connected to said web, said pedestal tie bars having their outer ends disposed to project beneath the journal boxes and their inner ends arranged between said inner and outer walls.

16. A car truck side frameinvolving oppositely arranged metal sheets providing inner and outer side walls, said metal sheets being disposed with the inner face of one wall adjacent the inner opposed face of the other wall, and pedestal tie bars having their inner ends movably connected to the side frame between the inner and outer 17 A car truck side frame comprising a plurality of metal sheets arranged to form inner and outer walls, each of said walls having a plurality of top arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of truck column portions; and pedestal tie bars movably mounted between said inner and outer walls at the junction of the truck column portions with the bottom arch bar portions.

i8. A car truck side frame comprising a plurality of metal sheets disposed adjacent one another and in abutte-d relation, each of said sheets having a portion adapted to cowith a corresponding portion of the adjacent sheet to form a recess, and a pedestal tie bar movably mounted in said recess.

19. i car truck side frame comprising a plurality of metal sheets disposed adjacent one another and in abutted relation, each of said sheets having a portion adapted to coact with a corresponding portion of the adjacent sheet to form a recess, a pedestal tie bar of less width than that of said recess, and means including a transverse member pivotally connecting the tie bar within the recess for free swinging movement, said means also serving to unite the metal sheets.

20. A car truck side frame composed of complementary metal sheetsunited to provide inner and outer walls, cach of said walls being provided with, recessed portions adapted to coact with similar portions on the adjacent wall to provide journal box bolt openings, each of said recessed por tions being shaped to contactthe head of the journal box bolt for preventing its rotation.

il. fr car truck side frame having an Lacasse said engaging portions to provide journal box bolt openings located between said 1nner and outer walls.

22. A car truck side frame composed of .b

sheet metal inner and outer walls, each oi' said walls being recessed on their opposed inner faces to provide journal box bolt openings, portions of said walls adjacent the openings being shaped to engage the bolt heads and other portions of said walls being disposed to provide columns beneath said bolt heads.

23. il car truck side frame composed of sheet metal inner and outer walls, each oi said walls being formed with corresponding side trame portions and united to provide a longitudinally extending centrally located web, stiliening flanges disposed at the upper edges of said walls, said flanges having depending edge portions arranged in verticl and parallel relation to said web upon opposite sides thereof, and means uniting said inner and outer walls adjacent said flanges.

24. A car truck side irame involving metal sheets united to form inner and outer walls oi' a side frame of standard A. R. A. dimensions, each olI said walls having a bolster opening of relative reduced depth, plurality of top arch bar portions., a plurality ci bottom arch bar portions1 and a plurality ol' truclccolumn portions, said bot` tom arch bar portions being disposed to provide a beam member of relative increased depth corresponding to the reduction in depth ot' the bolster opening,said beam member being correspondingly reduced in length for minimizing the stresses developed at the critical points of the side frame adja-` cent the junctions of the truck column portions with the bottom arch bar portions.

25. A car truck side frame comprising she-et metal symmetrically formed members united to provide a longitudinally disposed web, each of said members having a plurality of top arch bar portions, a plurality of bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of truck column portions, and stiftening flanges on said truck column portions, the outer edges oi"- said flanges being disposed in parallel relation to said web and providing bolster guides.

26. The combination with a railway car truck of a side frame involving inner and outer walls united to provide a web disposed longitudinally of the side frame, each oit' said walls having a bolster opening of comparatively shallow depth and a beam portion beneath said opening of increased depth, means projecting` from each side wall eneath the bolster opening, said means loeing adapted to form symmetrical spring supports upon each side of the longitudinally disposed web, symmetrically arranged springs, and a bolster resting on said springs, the reaction of said bolster upon the side frame through said springs serving to maintain the side `framein a vertical plane with respect'to the bolster.

27. The combination with a railway car truck of a side frame having inner and outer walls united to provide a web disposed bolster opening, a plu rality of top arch bar portions, a plurality ot bottom arch bar portions, and a plurality of truck column portions; flanges provided on said truck column portions adapted to form bolster guides disposed in parallel relation to said web, flanges provided on said bottom arch bar portions and projecting laterally upon each side oi" the web to form spring seats near the bottom of the side frame, symmetrically arranged springs, and a bolster, thel reaction of the bolster nj on the side frame through the symmetricall arranged springs acting to frame in vertical position.

2,8.:'A car truck side trame involving a compression member, a bottom tension member and truck columns, said bottom tension member being provided with spring seats projecting outwardly from each side of the lower edge portion thereof, and formed with means thereon adapted to prevent spring shifting, the neutral axis of the bottom tension member and the truck columns intersecting longitudinally of the side :trame at points between said spring seats.

29. A car truck side frame composed of complementary metal sheets united to provide inner and outer walls forming a longitudinally extending web, each ofsaid sheets having portionsfadapted to coact with corresponding portions on the adjacent sheet to form journal box bolt openings, said openings being shaped to surround the bolt heads and disposed in alinement with 'the longitudinally extending web.

ln testimony whereof I amx my signature.

maintain the CYRUS HANKINS.

Yen 

